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The are three basic compression standards; JPEG, MPEG and and H.264
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Capturing Images
Light levels and reflectances in typical environments.
Resolution
Resolution is similar in the analogue or digital worlds, but there are important differences in how it is defined.
Image Sensors
CCD (Charged Coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
Scan Technology
CCD In addition to good light sensitivity, another key feature of digital image capture is progressive scan technology.
Choosing the Right Lens
The range of lighting from bright sunlight to clear starlight is 109:1 (100,000,000):1.
Variable and Constant bit rates
With MPEG-4 and H.264, users can allow an encoded video stream to have a variable or a constant bit rate.
Compression Standards
The two basic standards for image compression are JPEG and MPEG.
Data Transport
An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate with each other on a network utilizing the Internet Protocol standard.
Wireless Standards
There are two major categories for wireless communications:wireless LANs and wireless bridges.
Quality of Service
Fundamentally different networks are merging into one IP network and shared network resources must be controlled.
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Comparing standards
When comparing the performance of MPEG standards such as MPEG-4 and H.264, it is important to note that results may vary between encoders that use the same standard. This is because the designer of an encoder can choose to implement different sets of tools defined by a standard. As long as the output of an encoder conforms to a standard’s format and decoder, it is possible to make different implementations. An MPEG standard, therefore, cannot guarantee a given bit rate or quality, and comparisons cannot be properly made without first defining how the standards are implemented in an encoder. A decoder, unlike an encoder, must implement all the required parts of a standard in order to decode a compliant bit stream. A standard specifies exactly how a decompression algorithm should restore every bit of a compressed video.

The graph on the following page provides a bit rate comparison, given the same level of image quality, among the following video standards: Motion JPEG, MPEG-4 Part 2 (no motion compensation), MPEG-4 Part 2 (with motion compensation) and H.264 (baseline profile).

Axis’ H.264 encoder generated up to 50% fewer bits per second for a sample video sequence than an MPEG-4 encoder with motion compensation. The H.264 encoder was at least three times more efficient than an MPEG-4 encoder with no motion compensation and at least six times more efficient than with Motion JPEG.
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