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The are two basic compression standards; JPEG, MPEG
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Capturing Images
The most common reason for poor quality images is a lack of light. Generally, the more light, the better the image.
Compresion Standards
The are two basic compression standards; JPEG and MPEG
Image Sensors
CCD (Charged Coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
MPEG-4
MPEG-4 is an ISO/IEC standard developed by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), the committee that also developed the Emmy Award winning standards known as MPEG-1 and MPEG-2.
Scan Technology
In addition to good light sensitivity, another key feature of digital image capture is progressive scan technology.
Resolution
Resolution is similar in the analogue or digital worlds, but there are important differences in how it is defined.
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Comparing standards
When comparing the performance of MPEG standards such as MPEG-4 and H.264, it is important to note that results may vary among encoders that use the same standard. This is because the designer of an encoder can choose to implement different sets of tools defined by a standard. As long as the output of an encoder conforms to a standard’s format and decoder, it is possible to make different implementations. An MPEG standard, therefore, cannot guarantee a given bit rate or quality, and comparisons cannot be properly made without first defining how the standards are implemented in an encoder. A decoder, unlike an encoder, must implement all the required parts of a standard in order to decode a compliant bit stream. A standard specifies exactly how a decompression algorithm should restore every bit of a compressed video.

The graph on the following page provides a bit rate comparison, given the same level of image quality, among the following video standards: Motion JPEG, MPEG-4 Part 2 (no motion compensation), MPEG-4 Part 2 (with motion compensation) and H.264 (baseline profile).

Axis’ H.264 encoder generated up to 50% fewer bits per second for a sample video sequence than an MPEG-4 encoder with motion compensation. The H.264 encoder was at least three times more efficient than an MPEG-4 encoder with no motion compensation and at least six times more efficient than with Motion JPEG.
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